Battle of Fort Henry in the Civil War

The Battle of Fort Henry took place February 6, 1862, during the American Civil War (1861-1865) and was one of the first actions of  Brigadier General Ulysses S. Grants campaign in Tennessee. With the start of the Civil War, Kentucky declared neutrality and stated it would align against the first side to violate its territory. This occurred on September 3, 1861, when Confederate Major General Leonidas Polk directed troops under Brigadier General Gideon J. Pillow to occupy Columbus, KY on the Mississippi River. Responding to the Confederate incursion, Grant took the initiative and dispatched Union troops to secure Paducah, KY at the mouth of the Tennessee River two days later.   A Wide Front As events were unfolding in Kentucky, General Albert Sidney Johnston received orders on September 10 to assume command of all Confederate forces in the west. This required him to defend a line extending from the Appalachian Mountains west to the frontier. Lacking sufficient troops to hold the entirety of this distance, Johnston was compelled to disperse his men into smaller armies and attempt to defend those areas through which Union troops were likely to advance. This cordon defense saw him order Brigadier General Felix Zollicoffer to hold the area around the Cumberland Gap in the east with 4,000 men while in the west, Major General Sterling Price defended Missouri with 10,000 men. The center of the line was held by Polks large command which, due to Kentuckys neutrality earlier in the year, was based closer to the Mississippi. To the north, an additional 4,000 men led by Brigadier General Simon B. Buckner held Bowling Green, KY. To further protect central Tennessee, construction of two forts had commenced earlier in 1861. These were Forts Henry and Donelson which guarded the Tennessee and Cumberland Rivers respectively. The locations for the forts were determined by Brigadier General Daniel S. Donelson and while the placement for the fort bearing his name was sound, his choice for Fort Henry left much to be desired. Construction of Fort Henry An area of low, swampy ground, the location of Fort Henry provided a clear field of fire for two miles down the river but was dominated by hills on the far shore. Though many officers opposed the location, construction on the five-sided fort began with slaves and the 10th Tennessee Infantry providing the labor. By July 1861, guns were being mounted in the forts walls with eleven covering the river and six protecting the landward approaches. Named  for Tennessee Senator Gustavus Adolphus Henry Sr., Johnston had desired to give command of the forts to Brigadier General Alexander P. Stewart but was overruled by Confederate President Jefferson Davis who instead selected Maryland native Brigadier General Lloyd Tilghman in December.  Assuming his post, Tilghman saw Fort Henry reinforced with a smaller fortification, Fort Heiman, which was constructed on the opposite bank. In addition, efforts were made to place torpedoes (naval mines) in the shipping channel near the fort. Armies Commanders Union Brigadier General Ulysses S. GrantFlag Officer Andrew Foote15,000 men7 ships Confederate Brigadier General Lloyd Tilghman3,000-3,400 Grant and Foote Move As the Confederates worked to complete the forts, Union commanders in the west were under pressure from President Abraham Lincoln to take offensive action. While Brigadier General George H. Thomas defeated Zollicoffer at the Battle of Mills Springs in January 1862, Grant was able to secure permission for a thrust up the Tennessee and Cumberland Rivers. Advancing with around 15,000 men in two divisions led Brigadier Generals John McClernand and Charles F. Smith, Grant was supported by Flag Officer Andrew Footes Western Flotilla of four ironclads and three timberclads (wooden warships). A Swift Victory Pressing up the river, Grant and Foote elected to strike at Fort Henry first. Arriving in the vicinity on February 4, Union forces began going ashore with McClernands division landing north of Fort Henry while Smiths men landed on the western shore to neutralize Fort Heiman. As Grant moved forward, Tilghmans position had become tenuous due to the forts poor location. When the river was at normal levels, the forts walls stood around twenty feet high, but heavy rains had led water levels to rise dramatically flooding the fort. As a result, only nine of the forts seventeen guns were usable. Realizing that the fort could not be held, Tilghman ordered Colonel Adolphus Heiman to lead the bulk of the garrison to the east to Fort Donelson and abandoned Fort Heiman. By February 5, only a party of gunners and Tilghman remained. Approaching Fort Henry the next day, Footes gunboats advanced with the ironclads in the lead. Opening fire, they exchanged shots with the Confederates for around seventy-five minutes. In the fighting, only USS Essex suffered meaningful damage when a shot hit its boiler as the low trajectory of the Confederate fire played into the strength of the Union gunboats armor. Aftermath With the Union gunboats closing and his fire largely ineffective, Tilghman decided to surrender the fort. Due to the flooded nature of the fort, a boat from the fleet was able to row directly into the fort to take Tilghman to USS Cincinnati. A boost to Union morale, the capture of Fort Henry saw Grant capture 94 men. Confederate losses in the fighting numbered around 15 killed and 20 wounded. Union casualties totaled around 40, with the majority aboard USS Essex. The capture of the fort opened the Tennessee River to Union warships. Quickly taking advantage, Foote dispatched his three timberclads to raid upstream. Gathering his forces, Grant began moving his army the twelve miles to Fort Donelson on February 12. Over the next several days, Grant won the Battle of Fort Donelson and capturing over 12,000 Confederates. The twin defeats at Forts Henry and Donelson knocked a gaping hole in Johnstons defensive line and opened Tennessee to Union invasion. Large-scale fighting would resume in April when Johnston attacked Grant at the Battle of Shiloh.

Gender And Gender Within The American Workforce - 1306 Words

Equality has always been a huge topic at the forefront of America for many years. Whether it is equality for races, religion, gender or sexual orientation, people just desire for life to be equal and fair. Although much has changed and is continuously changing, women still struggle to be seen as equivalent to men in the American workforce. Bound by a wage gap that is bias towards the female species, women have to battle different factors which lead to inequivalent compensation. There are wage gaps stimulating from gender within the American workforce due to caregiving duties; which plays a major role in effecting women’s compensation, along with experience and education being overlooked in comparison to males; a female’s counterpart, and some wage gap issues are just plain out a result of discrimination. Women are typically the caregivers of the family. â€Å"Females in all societies exhibit more nurturing behavior than males, both inside and outside the family. Throughout the world, women are the primary caretakers of the young, the sick, and the old. Marriage and children have different impacts on men and women. When women marry, and especially after they have children, they tend to reduce their work involvement, whereas men tend to increase theirs.† (Browne Shiferaw, 2013). This responsibility often times causes them to accept mediocre jobs and have to juggle a small amount of work with little to no benefits, then going home to take care of the family. The 2011 article,Show MoreRelatedGender Bias Within The Workplace1129 Words   |  5 PagesGender bias is a concept that is seen every day, where society has taken upon itself to place male and females in certain stereotypical categories. For instance, gender bias in the workforce is one of the most common areas where women and men are treated differently. 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Telecom CRM Framework Network Perspective †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Telecom CRM Framework Network Perspective. Answer: Introduction: In the modern virtual world, one of the major branches of criminal activity is cybercrime. Along with that, due to the increased dependence of people on machines and virtual storage, there is always a threat of loss of information, degradation of network and attack of hackers or viruses, all of which can severely hamper the functions of an organization and invite both legal costs and damage of the reputation of the organization. Thus, it is necessary for organizations to educate themselves on the kinds of threat that could attack a network or system and make sure that the threats could be neutralized before it can damage or hinder the networking procedures of the organization (Berger Heath, 2007). Loss of PII: The loss of Personally Identifiable Information which is stored in the organization with a trust that it will keep it safe contains all the useful information of the owner of the PII that could be used against him if it is ever compromised. Hence, it is necessary for the organization to keep PII secure so that it does not damage its reputation or loses the trust of customers and employees due to negligence and poor security. Degradation of Networking: Since IT companies run on networking, it is important to keep a track of the hardware that connects the machines and makes the networking possible. Along with that, it is also necessary for the software to be updated and to keep a check whether foreign traffic or the inclusion of hackers is not involving in the degradation of the networking procedures in the organization (Duan, Gu Whinston, 2008). Viruses and spywares could also lead to the degradation of networking and it is necessary to prevent the attack of either of these for the security for the transfer of the networking packets. Insider Attack: Insider attack is one of the worst threats that could take place in an organization in which a trusted employee, or former employee could plant some form of malicious device into the system that could harm the company or steal sensitive information from the company and use it for unauthorized purposes for personal gain. Proper security analysis and protected access should be made to make sure that any former employee could not have access to a data and for that the protection or the security pattern of an organization should be flexible, that is, it could be reconstructed and changed when need be. Ransomware: Ransomware is malicious software which locks the systems and threatens to publish the victims data unless a certain amount of ransom as stated is not paid. The Ransomware has attacked systems as recently as 2017 and has come into the limelight due to its ability to stay under the radar of normal antiviruses. The Ransomware software has been known to wreak havoc in any system and targets IT organization for its purpose. Using advanced malware techniques called cryptoviral extortions, the software encrypts the victims files thereby preventing access to the files and then demands a ransom for decrypting the files which on receiving they either decrypt or leave without response (Fisher, 2010). For such a malicious software, it is necessary to keep the virus information updated and for advanced education into the ransomware software to prevent it from ever attacking the IT system of an organization. Theft of IP: The theft of Intellectual Property is a high rising cybercrime where theintellectual property, that is, the plans, ideas and the creative innovation designs of an organization is stolen from their databases and used by people that do not have access, permission or ownership of the said intellectual property (Jansen, Zhang, Sobel Chowdury, 2009). Hackers are generally guilty of stealing intellectual property from the organization and selling it in the market or to competitors at higher prices. Nowadays, every organization acquires, uses and stores the Personally Identifiable Information or PII for their employees, and depending on the nature of the business or area of establishment, the customers, patients, residents and users. PII is any information that can be used to uniquely identify, contact or locate an individual. About 86% of the US population could be accurately identified by their gender, age and ZIP code with the use of PII. Thus, this amount of private information if compromised could fall in the hands of a wrong person and could be used for ill purposes without the original owner of the PII being involved and that could only be traced back to the original owner (Kim Srivastava, 2007). Hence, a compromise of the PII could not only lead to a legal harassment of the original owner of the PII but it could also be used as a perfect cover for performing illicit crimes under a fake identity. Thus, because of this sensitive issue regarding PII, it is expected of the organizations which deals with the acquiring and storing of PIIs to manage this private data very carefully, and keep it secured to protect it from theft, loss, or any form of unauthorized access. Any form of misuse of the private data, or loss, or compromise of any information could lead to legal proceedings, and carry a steep financial loss and damage to the reputation of the organization. Above that, a compromise of PII can also result in the loss of customer trust, employee dissatisfaction and attrition and clean-up costs after the breach. As a result, the necessity to keep PII safe and secure from any form of compromise should be one of the top priorities of an organization (Kim, Le, Lauw, Lim, Liu Srivastava, 2008). The following flow-chart provide an overview of the solutions that an organization should look for while counterattacking any form of breach that might threaten PII: Some way in which PII could be protected are: Encryption:A full disk encryption of PII could make it difficult for an outside to access the information. USB, CD and Removable Media encryption Policy-based Email Encryption File share encryption Central key management and backup Ability to audit encryption status Threat Protection: The protection of endpoints should be necessary and there should be an increase in the security at those points. Detection of known and unknown malware proactively without the need for an update, including viruses, worms, Trojans, spyware, adware, suspicious files, suspicious behaviour, potentially unwanted applications (PUAs) and more Antivirus, firewall, application and device control in a single agent Defending all platforms (Windows, Mac, Linux, UNIX) Data Loss Prevention: Prevention of data loss by scanning repeatedly the storage places of data and keeping the data stored in several other as backup that should be maintained properly (Leitner Grechenig, 2008). File matching rule: Specified action should be taken based on name or type of file a user is attempting to access or transfer Content rule: Contains one or more data definitions and specifies the action taken if a user attempts to transfer data that matches those definitions Policy Compliance: There should be a strict policy of the organization which should be followed while any kind of data is stored in the organizations storage system. Lists should be maintained and the frequent synchronization and updates should take place to keep the security system active and able to tackle with increasing and modern attackers and their tactics (Leitner Grechenig, 2009). Network Degradation refers to the decrease in the connectivity of a network or the response time of response speed of a network. This severely hampers the working of an organization and it could lead to packets of data being lost in transmission which will only slow down the function of the organization and enable outsiders to steal packets and information (Lorenzo, Constantinides, Geurts Gmez, 2007). Diagnosing network performances and tracing back the reason for the slowing down of network performance is necessary and for that an education into the types of network performances should be conducted. Propagation Delays: Propagation delays can generally occur when there is a problem with routing which results in a delay in the transportation of data from one point of the network to the other. A proper analysis of the causes of delays could prevent this problem. End-Point Problems: This problem tends to occur at the end points that is the terminals or work station which are data destinations and they may experience delays due to insufficient memory or processing capacity. Engineers and developers should consider if there is a fault in the system and try to repair it. Malware or Spyware: The breach of malware or spyware into the system can severely lower the speed of the transfer of data and can infect the packets of data that are moving along in the network traffic. For this problem, a proper antivirus or security measures should be taken to prevent breach of malware or spyware into the system. Fragmentation of the Data Packets: A lot of fragmentation of the data packets can lead to the slowing down of network and the free transfer of data could be hampered because of increases fragmentation (Palmer, 2008). This depresses the functionality of the network at work. Developers should make sure that the data packets are fragmented reasonably so that too much of network degradation does not take place. Denial of Service: Various kinds of outside hacking can lead to the complete denial of service if the hacker has gained control over the system, thus leading to the termination of work on that data unless the hacker is weeded out of the system. Steps should be taken to increase the security of the system to prevent hackers from entering into the network (Stephen Toubia, 2009). For this, penetration testers should be hired to detect weaknesses in the system and thereby, strengthen security. An insider attack is a malicious attack that has been perpetrated upon a system by a person who has authorized access to the system. This makes it more difficult the trace the source of the attack as the insider not only has security access but the insider will also have enough knowledge about the network architecture and system policies making it easier for him to hide under the radar (Trusov, Bodapati Bucklin, 2009). Above that, the organization would generally expend time and money on preventing external attacks thereby keeping a careless eye to internal attacks. Intellectual Property theft is the stealing of organizations ideas, plans and creative property, also known as intellectual property, and thereby taking away the uniqueness and ownership of the intellectual property from the company. This is a high rising cybercrime that needs to be arrested and for this sort of crime, the cyber police need to be contacted in case such a crime does happen. Generally, competitors are the ones who hire hackers to breach into the system of the organization and tend to steal IP so as to get a glimpse of the organizations future plans or to use the stolen IP as their own and get an edge in the market (Wu, Ye, Yang Wang, 2009). For the protection of IP, security measures need to be taken so that the said IP does not get hacked and stolen by hackers and so proper firewalls against malware and spyware needs to be put into place. The ownership of the intellectual property should not be compromised for the future benefit of any organization. Ransomware software is a malicious programme that breaches into the software of a computer, takes control of the files, encrypts the file to prevent user access and demands ransom in exchange of decrypting the said files, or demands ransom so that the private information of the user is not published publicly (Yang, Dia, Cheng Lin, 2006). The Ukraine attack of 2017 and other previously documented attacks have brought ransomware into limelight and it has been charged of invisible notoriety. Block Payload: Software should be installed which could block known payloads that could transmit the malware into the system, thereby preventing the breach of ransomware into the system. Updates: Repeated updates of virus definitions to include new forms of malware and their varieties should be made to mitigate any vulnerability present in the system. Offline Backups: Offline backups should be kept of the necessary files in external storage drives or devices, that is, locations that do not have any access to any network and thus will say safe from the attach of ransomware. Network Segmentation: Network Segmentation is the act of splitting the network of a computer into different subnetworks which are called network segments. This helps in boosting performance and in increased security. Decryption: Since Ransomware works by encrypting the data of a specific system, it is necessary for software to try and decrypt the encrypted data thereby reversing the attack of ransomware. Termination of Connection: This is the optional step that needs to be taken if the ransomware had spread out in a specific system beyond redemption and as a result the entire infected system needs to be plugged out or to be completely disconnected from the network so as to prevent the spreading of the malware into other systems. when the ransomware has spread out beyond repair in one system a complete termination of that system from the network, excluding it from the working of the organization and keeping it isolated, could help prevent the further spreading of ransomware to the other system thus increasing the losses of the organization (Lorenzo, Constantinides, Geurts Gmez, 2007). Hence, from the above examination of the kinds of threat that an IT company could face and the cybercrimes that are rampant in the world of today, it is necessary to include certain aspects into the application product so that it could successfully keep the threat in check, keeping updated with the latest virus definitions and keep all the information of a company secured (Palmer, 2008). This should also have an incident response time so that it can either notify and act accordingly and instantly when a cyber incident occurs. Education: The first necessity of the application should be to educate the user of its uses and how it works. Making Backups A security application should create offline backups in external storage drives or devices that do not have any access to the internet or network during a sudden cyber incident. Network Segmentation Splitting the network into segments increases performance and security and so the application should be able to maintain segments of network. Analysis of Network: The application could be able to analyse and detect internal problems or the source of cyber incidents in the network and notify them to the authorities (Xinogalos, Psannis and Sifaleras, 2012). Anti-Virus and Anti- Malware The application should have properties of anti-virus and anti-malware to prevent it from entering or working in the network. Firewall A strong firewall should be put in place so that any form of threat is immediately blocked from entering. Updates Virus definitions should be updated all the time to keep up with the times. Internal Intrusion Detection Systems Installing Internal Intrusion Detection Systems to detect any form of internal intrusion and create an instant incident notification and reset if necessary. Decryption The application should have the capability to decrypt any form of encrypted files that had been hacked or infected by ransomware. Notifications/Warning Any threat of breach by hackers or outsiders should trigger a warning or notification mechanism so that the authorities are notified of the external interference (Stephen Toubia, 2009). System Reconstruction The application should be intelligent enough to request password changes or system reconstruction where necessary and if permitted by the admin as a response to a cyber incident. Termination of Connection The application should be able to isolate a system from the network if it has been infected so that the infection does not spread, however, after notifying and seeking permission from the admin or the authorities as a reaction to a cyber incident. Reference Berger, J. Heath C., 2007. Where Consumers Diverge from Others: Identity Signalling and Product Domains. Journal of Consumer Research: An Interdisciplinary Quarterly, 34(2), 121-134. Duan, W., Gu, B., Whinston, A. B., 2008. Do online reviews matter? - An empirical investigation of panel data. Decis. Support Syst., 45(4), 1007-1016. Fisher, S., 2010. Social Commerce Camp - Killer Social Commerce Experience. Retrieved from https://www.slideshare.net/stevenfisher/soc ial-commerce-camp-killer-socialcommerce-experience Jansen, B. J., Zhang, M., Sobel, K., Chowdury, A., 2009. Micro-blogging as online word of mouth branding. In Proceedings of the 27th international conference extended abstracts on Human factors in computing systems (pp. 3859- 3864). Boston, MA, USA: ACM. doi:10.1145/1520340.1520584 Kim, Y. A., Srivastava, J., 2007. Impact of social influence in e-commerce decision making. In Proceedings of the ninth international conference on Electronic commerce (pp. 293-302). Minneapolis, MN, USA: ACM. doi:10.1145/1282100.1282157 Kim, Y. A., Le, M., Lauw, H. W., Lim, E., Liu, H., Srivastava, J., 2008. Building a web of trust without explicit trust ratings. In ICDE 2008. Presented at the Workshop on Data Engineering for Blogs, Social Medial and Web 2.0, Mexico. Leitner, P., Grechenig, T., 2008. Collaborative Shopping Networks: Sharing the Wisdom of Crowds in E-Commerce Environments. In BLED 2008 (Vol. 21, p. 321). Leitner, P., Grechenig, T., 2009. Smart shopping spaces: connecting merchants and consumers by innovative online marketplaces. Presented at the IADIS International Conference e-Commerce. Lorenzo, C., Constantinides, E., Geurts, P., Gmez, M., 2007. Impact of Web Experience on e-Consumer Responses. In E-Commerce and Web Technologies (pp. 191-200). Retrieved from https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540- 74563-1_19 Palmer, M., 2008. Social shoppers find goods well recommended. Financial Times. Retrieved March 5, 2010, from https://www.ft.com/cms/s/0/349ca1bac7c3-11dc-a0b4- 0000779fd2ac.html?nclick_check=1 Stephen, A. T., Toubia, O., 2009. Deriving Value from Social Commerce Networks. SSRN eLibrary. Retrieved from https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?a bstract_id=1150995 Trusov, M., Bodapati, A. V., Bucklin, R. E., 2009. Determining Influential Users in Internet Social Networks. SSRN eLibrary. Retrieved from https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?a bstract_id=1479689 Wu, B., Ye, Q., Yang, S., Wang, B., 2009. Group CRM: a new telecom CRM framework from social network perspective. In Proceeding of the 1st ACM international workshop on Complex networks meet information knowledge management (pp. 3-10). Hong Kong, China: ACM. doi:10.1145/1651274.1651277 Yang, W., Dia, J., Cheng, H., Lin, H., 2006. Mining Social Networks for Targeted Advertising. In Proceedings of the 39th Annual Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences - Volume 06 (p. 137.1). IEEE Computer Society. Retrieved from https://portal.acm.org/citation.cfm?id=1109 714.1109905 Lorenzo, C., Constantinides, E., Geurts, P., Gmez, M., 2007. Impact of Web Experience on e-Consumer Responses. In E-Commerce and Web Technologies (pp. 191-200). Retrieved from https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540- 74563-1_19 Palmer, M., 2008. Social shoppers find goods well recommended. Financial Times. Retrieved March 5, 2010, from https://www.ft.com/cms/s/0/349ca1bac7c3-11dc-a0b4- 0000779fd2ac.html?nclick_check=1 Stephen, A. T., Toubia, O., 2009. Deriving Value from Social Commerce Networks. SSRN eLibrary. Retrieved from https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?a bstract_id=1150995 Xinogalos, S., Psannis, K.E and Sifaleras, A., 2012, "Recent advances delivered by HTML 5 in mobile cloud computing applications: a survey," in Proc. the Fifth Balkan Conference in Informatics, pp. 199-204

The Withered Arm Essay Example For Students

The Withered Arm Essay The two main characters, Rhoda Brook and Gertrude Lodge, which the story The Withered Arm is based on, are very different. Rhoda Brook is a single mother and is feeling alone and unloved. She is always suspicious of what is happening. She feels guilty if she does something wrong and cannot say no if some body asks her to help them. An example of this is when Rhoda thinks she is to blame for the markings on Gertrudes arm, she also doesnt really want to go see Conjuror Trendle with Gertrude about her arm, but she cannot say no. She isnt really good looking and she is thirty-five years of age and has been divorced once from Farmer Lodge. We will write a custom essay on The Withered Arm specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now She is poor and always has and her job as a milkmaid doesnt pay much, especially when she has to try to support herself and her son. Where as Gertrude Lodge has just been married to farmer Lodge, she doesnt work, but isnt poor as she relies on her husband. She is very pretty and is young. She doesnt feel lonely, but feels deeply in love. Both Rhoda Brook and Gertrude Lodge are connected in the fact that they have both at one time in their life felt deeply in love with Farmer Lodge and have both married him when they were young and pretty. Hardys story is about two women, Rhoda Brook and Gertrude Lodge, who dont even know each other. Rhoda hears about Gertrude and becomes jealous because she has married ex-husband. Rhoda has a dream about Gertrude and she ends up throwing her across the room. The next day Rhoda sees marks on Gertrudes arm and wonders if it was her fault. As you can see Hardys stories are all about families, the conflict, the break up, and even divorces and remarried ones. It is every day life problems, just with a little more imagination. Question and Answers Rhodas background with Farmer Lodge is that she used to be married to him and also had a son with him. She also married him when she was young and pretty. But Rhoda has always been poor. Rhoda worked on Farmer Lodges farm, but as a milk lady, she was very unhappy and has been for most of her life, as mentioned in chapter one. She is a Lorn milkmaid, meaning a very unhappy milkmaid. They broke up and got divorced because Farmer Lodge Thought that Rhoda was in a too much lower class than him. Probably more the reason was that she wasnt young any more and her good looks were fading. This left Rhoda sad and lonely, not earning a lot, and has to try to support herself and her son. Gertrudes background with Farmer Lodge is that she has just recently married him. She has married Farmer Lodge when she is young and pretty she feels deeply loved and not alone. She doesnt work but relies on her husband. Even though she relies on her husband, she has always been wealthy. She is friendly and quite quiet, is always wants to know what is happening. Rhodas dream is about Rhoda asleep then Gertrude coming into her bedroom and showing Rhoda her, the wedding ring. Gertrude teases Rhoda with the ring and keeps on showing it to her. Gertrude then with her left arm strangled Rhoda. In desperate struggle Rhoda swung Gertrude over the bed and onto the floor leaving scratch marks on her. Rhoda then woke up disturbed and scared. When Gertrude visits Rhoda she doesnt wear silk like in Rhodas dream. She wore normal light coloured clothes with a basket on her right arm. Rhoda thought she was going to be evil and mean. .u0fd4b26e093425036fd66930c4765884 , .u0fd4b26e093425036fd66930c4765884 .postImageUrl , .u0fd4b26e093425036fd66930c4765884 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u0fd4b26e093425036fd66930c4765884 , .u0fd4b26e093425036fd66930c4765884:hover , .u0fd4b26e093425036fd66930c4765884:visited , .u0fd4b26e093425036fd66930c4765884:active { border:0!important; } .u0fd4b26e093425036fd66930c4765884 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u0fd4b26e093425036fd66930c4765884 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u0fd4b26e093425036fd66930c4765884:active , .u0fd4b26e093425036fd66930c4765884:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u0fd4b26e093425036fd66930c4765884 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u0fd4b26e093425036fd66930c4765884 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u0fd4b26e093425036fd66930c4765884 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u0fd4b26e093425036fd66930c4765884 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u0fd4b26e093425036fd66930c4765884:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u0fd4b26e093425036fd66930c4765884 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u0fd4b26e093425036fd66930c4765884 .u0fd4b26e093425036fd66930c4765884-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u0fd4b26e093425036fd66930c4765884:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Things Fall Apart Characters EssayBut then Gertrude pulled out a pair of boots and gave them to Rhodas son and said Here you go just like I promised, then Rhoda all of a sudden changed her mined and started to find out that Gertrude was kind and gentle. Gertrude does have marks on her left arm and it starts to get infected. It soon becomes all wrinkly and withered. Gertrude is very upset about this and starts to feel Farmer Lodge is falling out of love with her because of her arm. Gertrude hears that Rhoda might know someone called Conjuror Trendle. She then goes with Rhoda to see him. But Rhoda is confused about the fact that people in the town where saying that she knew about Conjuror Trendle. Rhoda was starting to think that she might be a witch. Gertrude goes to see him and he tells her that he cannot do anything but he can show her who did it. *SIX YEARS LATER* Gertrude is still looking for a cure for her withered arm. So she decides to go to Conjuror Trendle to see if he has find out any thing new. Unlike last time he has a cure but it is disgusting and horrid. What she has to do is to put her arm against a newly hanged persons neck. Rhoda on the other hand has received news that her son will be hung for arson. Rhoda writes to Farmer Lodge to tell him about the news. She arranges to meet Lodge at the jail where they will see their son get hung. Gertrude also heard of a mans death of which he was going to be hung. So she decides to turn up. She puts her arm on the mans neck then from behind she hears somebody shout What are you doing here? Gertrude turns around and sees Rhoda and Farmer Lodge crying. Rhoda then tells her that it is their son. Gertrude then faints and dies, probably from shock, but her arm did heal. Conclusion The two characters are very different in the fact that they have different reactions to certain things and the way they need to know what is happening. Rhoda is definitely the bravest, but Gertrude is the most independent. Gertrude has got the worst fate even though Rhoda has lost her son. I think Gertrude is an innocent victim and I dont think Rhoda was evil. I probably prefer Rhoda the best because she is very brave and very helpful, she also is quite independent, and works very hard. The Withered Arm Essay Example For Students The Withered Arm Essay How are the men in the two stories, The Withered Arm and Sweat, portrayed? How far does this portrayal reflect the contexts in which the stories were written? The Withered Arm, written by Thomas Hardy and Sweat, written by Zora Neale Hurston both have a setting in a rural area. Both stories use dialect, however Sweat contains a stronger use. In both stories, the end is anticipated in the beginning and their titles reflect the contexts of the stories. The Withered Arm, which was written in the 19th Century, is partly set on a diary farm in the imaginary village of Holmstoke and town of Casterbridge in Wessex. We will write a custom essay on The Withered Arm specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now The story involves a triangle situation with one man Farmer Lodge and two women Rhoda and Gertrude. These three people are the main characters of The Withered Arm. Farmer Lodges mistress Rhoda, is the mother of his child John, and Rhoda soon becomes jealous when she hears of Farmer Lodges new wife Gertrude. Many problems arise when Gertrude has a withered arm and dies along with the death of Farmer Lodges son. In the story, Farmer Lodge is portrayed as a man with great means. He is the offspring of land, which has been owned by his family for over two hundred years. Evidence of this is shown on page 42 Family who occupied the valley for some two hundred years. Farmer Lodge is portrayed as a proud man. This is shown when he brings his new wife home in his bright handsome gig (his car), after successful dealings in the town. Evidence of this is on page 27. Farmer Lodge heightens with pride when he makes his first public appearance with his bride Gertrude. Farmer Lodge was aware beforehand that people would be fixated on Gertrude, and this is shown on page 27 when he said O yes. You must expect to be stared at just at first, my pretty Gertrude. Appearances seem to be important to Farmer Lodge, because his first relationship, or better yet his affair with Rhoda happened when Rhoda was at the tender age of seventeen. But then a floating question comes to mind, What would attract Farmer Lodge to a seventeen year old? Currently Thomas Hardy describes Rhoda as more of the strength that endures in her well-defined features and large frame. This description is quite fair and not degrading, so we could imagine her image when she was seventeen. To answer the floating question, at the age of seventeen Rhoda would have been a girl of a much noticeable attraction to which Farmer Lodge would have been drawn to. This was repeated when Gertrude enters the story. Similar to the age of when Rhoda first met Farmer Lodge, Gertrude is a nineteen-year-old bride. A clear picture of her is seen through the eyes of Farmer Lodges son who comments on her features when he says Her hair is lightish and her face as comely as live dolls page 27, She is not tall. She is rather short, Shes very pretty very. In fact shes lovely page 30. To summarize what Rhoda Brookss son is trying to say is that Gertrude is a small, pretty young woman, doll-like, with fair hair and a soft skin complexion. I believe only her looks is an attraction to Farmer Lodge, as Rhodas looks was once an attraction to him, page 27 Made her dark eyes, that had once been handsome; could this be why the relationship with Farmer Lodge and Rhoda failed, because her looks had differed?